As one of the most outstanding female writers in post-war Britain, Doris Lessing, winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature, has a strong spirit of the times in her works. In order to further understand the characteristics and spirit of the times in Doris Lessing's novels, Doris Lessing's science fiction is taken as the research object in this study, through in-depth research on novel storytelling, philosophical psychology, thematic forms, etc., from the perspective of emotional psychology model, to deeply analyze the characteristics of psychological writing, mental health, and cultural identity in their science fiction. Doris Lessing's science fiction reflects the political, cultural, and historical background of the times, and on this basis, it reflects humanitarian concerns through characters' psychological writing and cultural identity. It is shown in the results of the study.